Notes and coins

Notes

In ancient Greece, philosophers like Socrates used notes to record their ideas. These written records of thought were often illustrated with symbols and diagrams.

Coins

In ancient Rome, coins were minted with images of gods. The value of a coin was often determined by its weight, purity, and the mark of the issuing authority.

Fables

Fables, a collection of short stories, originated with the ancient Greeks. They were used to teach moral lessons and convey societal values.

Scrolls

The ancient Sumerians wrote on clay scrolls, which were used for business transactions. The written records were often fragile and prone to damage.

Parchment

Parchment, made from animal skin, was used to write important documents. The process of making parchment involved treating the skin with plant extracts.

Cephalopods

Cephalopods, such as octopuses and squids, have been used as currency in some African cultures. The value of these creatures was often determined by their rarity and abundance.

Tape

Tape, a flexible adhesive, was first used by ancient Romans. It was used to seal documents and mark important locations.

Papyrus

Papyrus, a plant-based writing material, was used by ancient Egyptians. The papyrus was often used for writing letters and ceremonial documents.

Scales

In ancient Rome, scales were used to weigh the value of goods. The Roman statesman Cicero wrote about the use of scales in business transactions.

Quills

Quills, made from bird feathers, were used to write on parchment. The quill was often replaced by metal nibs in the Middle Ages.

Paper

Paper, made from bamboo, was invented in ancient China. The process of making paper involved pounding mulberry bark and other plant fibers.

Wax

Wax, used in ancient Egypt, was used to preserve documents and artworks. The wax was often melted and molded into intricate designs.

Canvas

Canvas, made from animal hides, was used by ancient artists. The canvas was often stretched over a wooden frame.

Yarn

Yarn, made from plant fibers, was used by ancient cultures to create clothing and textiles. The yarn was often dyed with natural dyes.

Lithography

Lithography, a printing technique, was developed by Alois Senefelder in 1796. The process involved carving a stone with a design and then transferring it to paper.

Ink

Ink, a liquid writing material, was first used by ancient civilizations. The ink was often made from soot or other plant-based materials.

Quarries

Quarries, where stone was extracted for building materials, were used by ancient Romans. The quarries were often located near other industries.

Rabbets

Rabbets, decorative carvings on stone, were used by ancient cultures. The rabbets often featured intricate designs and patterns.

Quincunx

A quincunx, a geometric pattern of five, was used by ancient cultures to divide space. The quincunx was often used in architecture and art.

Recycled

Recycled paper was used by ancient Egyptians to create papyrus. The recycling process involved reusing the pulp from old papyrus.

Chalk

Chalk, a soft white mineral, was used by ancient Greeks to write on stone. The chalk was often crushed and mixed with plant extracts.

Etchings

Etchings, a technique of carving images onto stone, was developed by ancient Greeks. The etchings were often used to decorate buildings.

Woodcut

Woodcut, a printing technique, was developed by woodblock printing in ancient China. The process involved carving a design onto a wood block.

Watercolor

Watercolor, a painting technique, was developed by ancient Chinese artists. The paint was often made from plant-based dyes.

Inkstones

Inkstones, made from animal bones, were used by ancient Chinese artists to mix ink. The inkstones were often decorated with intricate designs.

Paints

Paints, made from animal fat and plant-based dyes, were used by ancient cultures. The paints were often applied to surfaces using brushes or other tools.

Tempera

Tempera, a painting technique, was developed by ancient Greeks. The tempera was often made from egg yolks and other plant-based materials.

Encaustic

Encaustic, a painting technique, was developed by ancient Greeks. The encaustic was often made from beeswax and other plant-based materials.

Wax-resist

Wax-resist, a technique used in encaustic painting, was developed by ancient Greeks. The wax-resist was often made from beeswax and other plant-based materials.

Gilding

Gilding, a technique